Lemma Piece-Value Function Is Continuous on the Division Simplex
lemma staged

Piece-Value Function Is Continuous on the Division Simplex

For each agent $j$ and piece index $i$, the piece-value function assigns to a simplex point $x$ the value agent $j$ places on the $i$-th piece at division $x$: $$ v(x, j, i) \;=\; \mu_j\bigl(\mathrm{piece}(x, i)\bigr). $$

In Lean: strom_value.

Lemma. For each fixed $(j, i)$, $x \mapsto v(x, j, i)$ is continuous on $\mathrm{Fin}\ n \to \mathbb{R}$.

In Lean: strom_value_continuous.

Proof

sketch

The $i$-th piece is a half-open interval whose endpoints are continuous linear functions of $x$ (the partial sums $\sum_{j < i} x_j$ and $\sum_{j \le i} x_j$). Composing with the homeomorphism $\varphi$ yields half-open intervals in $\mathbb{R}$ whose endpoints depend continuously on $x$.

The CDF $t \mapsto \mu_j((-\infty, t])$ for the finite non-atomic measure $\mu_j$ (pushed to $\mathbb{R}$ if needed) is continuous ([[social_choice.fair_division.divisible.cdf_continuous]]). The value of $\mu_j$ on a half-open interval is the difference of two CDF values at the endpoints, hence continuous in $x$.

Where this is used

Continuity of $v$ is what makes the preference sets ([[social_choice.fair_division.divisible.stromquist_preference_sets]]) closed and the unique-preference sets ([[social_choice.fair_division.divisible.stromquist_unique_preference_sets]]) open — the two topological inputs to the KKM lemma in Stromquist's proof. Non-atomicity of $\mu_j$ enters here through cdfRealContinuous.

References

  • Stromquist, W. (1980). "How to Cut a Cake Fairly". Amer. Math. Monthly 87: 640–644.

Used by

Also in